What does Pascal make for religious faith in the reading The Wager Essay

What does Pascal make for strict confidence in the perusing The Wager - Essay Example In plain language, his down to earth influence was, â€Å"if I put stock in God and there is God, I am alright; and on the off chance that I despite everything have confidence in God however in actuality there is actually no God, I am still fine. Also, on the off chance that I didn't have confidence in God and there is actually a God, at that point I am in trouble.† So it is in every case better to put stock in God. Pascal’s Wager’s contrast from different strict scholars who indicated from the earlier evidence of God’s presence that is free of any confirmation or perception. Dissimilar to Anselm who set an ontological contention that since God will be God, that his reality shouldn't be approved by understanding to legitimize that He exists, Pascal rather contended that one loses nothing in trusting in God that it doesn't damage to put stock in God. To put it plainly, Pascal’s proof can be gotten from its conceivable advantage in trusting God that one has everything to pick up and misfortunes nothing. Pascal may have moved toward the issue on the conviction of God from a consequentialist perspective since he convinces individuals to have confidence in God out of the normal advantage that can be gotten from it or the evasion of damage and torment in the event that one doesn't have faith in God. While his thinking is straightforward, the contention of gauging the advantage of having faith in God versus nullifying God is reasonable particularly to the cutting edge mind who regularly asks, â€Å"What is in it for me?† He didn't propose any expound philosophical thinking that requires higher seeing, for example, the clarification of St. Augustine who contended that God exists however the method of knowing ought to be relative to what in particular is being watched. Man, being only a made being, can't be proportionate to the understanding required to fathom God since God being over all things, is above information. He must be comprehended on a higher plane of understanding or thr ough â€Å"divine light†. For Pascal, man in his present psychological capacity, would already be able to comprehend and put stock in

The Safavid and Moghul Empire

The Safavid Empire truly set Iran up for life for their monetary quality. The Safavid Empire was established by the Safavids and secured the entirety of Iran, portions of Turkey, and Georgia. The Shiite based realm kept going from 1501-1722. The purpose behind their prosperity was their areas on the exchange courses. Shah Ismail, age 14 controlled from 1501 to 1524 and by 1510 he had vanquished the entirety of Iran. Shi’ism was acquainted with Iran and numerous Sunni Muslims were killed. Be that as it may, there was a positive side to their religion; the early Safavid Empire was a religious government. Strict and political forces were all together. The Empire became rich since it was in the focal point of the exchange course the Ancient World. Shah Abbas was pioneer during the brilliant long stretches of the Safavid Empire. In spite of the fact that he had a little armed force, they were very much prepared and had the best weapons. With the assistance of the Europeans Shah Abbas had some accomplishment against the Ottoman Turks. After Shah Abbas kicked the bucket the Safavid Dynasty endures and pioneers needed initiative aptitudes. Afghan individuals attacked and held onto the capital of the Safavid Empire and what is left of the Safavid line self-destructs. The Mogul Empire (likewise spelled Moghul or Mughal) was established by Babur in 1526 and extended from practically the entirety of India and westbound into Europe. Babur’s armed force was little, however would be advised to weapons. Babur caught Delhi and vanquished North India until he kicked the bucket in 1530. Akbar was Babur’s grandson child and was 14 when he took the seat. By 1605 Mogul administered the vast majority of India. Akbar was an extraordinary moderator, was permissive with various religions, and was others conscious. He even hitched a Hindu lady. Individuals needed to pay 1/3 of their reap each year to the state, however some of the time that duty may be brought down or pardoned. Exchange and assembling thrived during this time. After Akbar kicked the bucket, Jahangir dominated and kept on fortifying the focal government. He persuaded his significant other to orchestrate a marriage with him child and her niece and he turns into the ruler after Jahangir. Shah Jahan couldn't manage household issues and cost the Empire a great deal of many. He had numerous costly ventures, for example, the Taj Mahal which was worked for his preferred spouse who passes on while bringing forth her fourteenth kid. The administration needed to raise duties to pay for it. At the point when Shah Jahan kicks the bucket, his children battle for force and one winds up murdering another so the child Aurangzeb becomes ruler. He was a sincere Muslim and precluded drinking, betting, and restricted the structure of Hindu sanctuaries. Thus, individuals are miserable and the Persians assault in 1739. The British showed up in the Mogul Empire and needed to dominate. Obviously the British won and they reserved the privilege to gather burdens in territories encompassing the Calcutta. Muslim lady started to face in conflicts and female family members become consultants to pioneers. Big shots united Indian and Persian societies and impacts. The Mogul and Safavids, albeit altogether different shared numerous things for all intents and purpose. Both had significant rulers who began their rule at 14. Both were of Islamic religion, and the two of them had little armed forces however propelled weapons. The rulers assumed a job in the Empire’s decrease. Both began as solid, affluent domains and began to decrease. Also, The Mogul and Safavid Empire had solid strict convictions.

The Constitution of Medina

The focal contention in the Medina constitution is the foundation and progression of pluralism. Against the present Muslim belief systems that dishearten pluralism, the Medina constitution is one of the confirmations demonstrating that early Muslims were vote based and grasped pluralism. The pluralistic beliefs are spelt out in pretty much every section in the Medina constitution.Advertising We will compose a custom exposition test on The Constitution of Medina explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More The constitution of Medina traces a progression of understandings that were drawn up in the initial three years after the Hirja to end the contrasts between the individuals of Yatrib and the Muhajirun. Subsequently, various rights also duties were drafted for the Jews and Muslims in Medina to bring them as Umma, a particular network from the encompassing agnostic society1. The constitution organized an Islamic state. What's more, the constitution was likewise drafted to ma ke into move the interests of the exiled people from Mecca explaining their privileges and security that associates the displaced people with different networks in Medina. The Medina’s constitution additionally settled a free express that as a result was a pluralistic culture including Muslims, Jews, and agnostics. The record is divided into two sections. The initial segment specifies the shared relations among Muslims while the subsequent part tends to the guidelines that control between mutual worries between the Muslims and the Jews. The Medina’s constitution opens by setting up one network comprising of the displaced people from Mecca and the local Muslims. The understanding states that the Muslims of Yatrib along with their adherents just as the individuals who worked with them are one network of devotees known as the Umma. The arrangements affirm that the Umma are to make war as one. The devotees will not leave anybody destitute among them by neglecting to dispen se his freedom cash in a demonstration of graciousness. Further, adherents are to look for retribution if any Muslim is slaughtered battling in the method of God. Be that as it may, on the off chance that a Muslim slaughters a kindred Muslim, at that point the standard laws of vengeance keep on functioning2. Additionally, the constitution declares that devotees will be contrary to any individual who tries to spread disdain, debasement just as partiality among the adherents. As it were, any one rehearsing the indecencies ought to be viewed as a non-devotee. Additionally, the principles apply to the adherents as it were. The constitution likewise accentuates on the equivalent treatment of all Muslims with worth and decency. The sanction disbands the divisions between the occupants and the traveler Muslims in this manner introducing standards of value and reasonableness to all Muslims independent or their starting point of birth, clan or ethnic foundation. What's more, the constitution doesn't support the occupants to procure the status of predominance over the migrants. Then again, the workers shouldn't be viewed as progressively significant. The constitution likewise perceives that the Jews who follow Muslims are not to be mixed up nor will his enemies be assisted with completing a bad form to him. The resoluteness of unbelievers is accentuated in the constitution. All things considered, when the adherents are battling in the method of God, the foundation weights on a solitary harmony made by all devotees guaranteeing equity and value to all. Additionally, when devotees differ on an issue, the sanction specifies that it must be submitted to God and Muhammad. Also, the foundation accommodates adherents to vindicate for the blood of each other shed in the method of God. The constitution further accommodates the adherents to hit back to whoever saw as blameworthy of killing a devotee without any great reason.Advertising Looking for article on government? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The constitution further extends the scope of the populace that it oversees. For example, the contract states that the bond between the individuals from the Umma surpasses any connection or accords among them and the agnostics. Besides, the contract perceives the different strict, social, ethnic and phonetic properties of the Jews similarly as it perceives the comparable variety inside the Muslim club. All things considered, the constitution recognizes the standards of value and decency among all the clans of the Jews. The sanction goes further to take out the thought that some Jewish clans are better placed3. The affirmation shows that the constitution grasps uniformity and sense of pride among all the Jews. What's more, the medina constitution contributes colossally in the foundation of a pluralistic culture where Medina isn't considered as a Muslim society however a network comprising of individuals o f assorted ethnic and strict foundations. Further, the constitution gives the freedom of confidence by expressing that the Muslims have their own strict feelings and the Jews have their own confidence. Also, the Jews are required to battle along their Muslim siblings yet taking care of their own expense. The Medina contract likewise perceives that now and again of war, the Muslims pay for their own costs and the Jews bear their costs as long as there is no selling out. The contract states that Medina was to be haram for its kin and Muhammad is its establishing sacred man. The obligations of Muhammad go from discretion of questions to taking care of the issues of equity inside the city just as relations with untouchables. Further, Muhammad led a proficient retaliate against Mecca to build up power inside Medina. The Jews and the Muslims are not to do battle without the approval of Muhammad. Through the foundation of a pluralistic express, the constitution recognizes that Medina isn't just a Muslim state yet in addition incorporates the devotees of different religions. For example, Medina included the Muslims, the Jews and even agnostics. The contract likewise perceives the significance of strict resistance by leaving each adherent to rehearse its own confidence. The constitution perceives Muhammad as a prophet of God having a perfect association with God in all sides of life. Given these total affirmation in the truth conceived in Islam, the contract neglects to establish a self-righteous express that powers its residents to grasp the confidence of Islam. Further, the understanding sets up common conjunction between the Jews and the Muslims with the goal that every network causes each other during assaults. Through looking for of shared direction just as interviews and advancement of faithfulness between the networks, there is a potential end of foul play. Obviously, it is seen that with the sanction, the prophet had the option to build up his clout in Medina, work out coalitions with the neighboring clans and subsequently, do a powerful battle against Mecca. The ensuing achievement was the inevitable accomplishment of Medina. Book index Kennedy, Hugh. The Prophet and the age of the Caliphates: the Islamic Near East from the 6th to the eleventh century. London: Pearson/Longman, 2004.Advertising We will compose a custom exposition test on The Constitution of Medina explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Footnotes 1 Kennedy Hugh, The Prophet and the age of the Caliphates: the Islamic Near East from the 6th to the eleventh century (London: Pearson/Longman, 2004), 28. 2 Kennedy Hugh, The Prophet and the age of the Caliphates: the Islamic Near East from the 6th to the eleventh century (London: Pearson/Longman, 2004), 31. 3 Kennedy Hugh, The Prophet and the age of the Caliphates: the Islamic Near East from the 6th to the eleventh century (London: Pearson/Longman, 2004), 33. This exposition on The Constitution of Medina was composed and presented by client Alexa Mathis to help you with your own examinations. You are allowed to utilize it for research and reference purposes so as to compose your own paper; be that as it may, you should refer to it as needs be. You can give your paper here.

Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) Essay Example for Free

Patterns in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) Essay The Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) is a universal relative appraisal about arithmetic and science instruction that is composed by the International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA). The review has been controlled occasionally in patterns of a long time since 1995. At first TIMSS was an abbreviation for the Third International Mathematics and Science Study, which recognized its situation as the third examination following the First and Second International Mathematics and Science Studies (FIMS SIMS) in 1964 and 1982 separately. A comparative report to the 1995 TIMSS (utilizing a similar specialized structure) was completed in 1999, and was alluded to as the Third International Mathematics and Science Study Repeat (TIMSS-R). The 2003 examination was the third pattern of studies dependent on the 1995 evaluation system, and the abbreviation TIMSS was reclassified to mean Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (http://nces.ed.gov/timss). With financing from the U.S. National Science Foundation, the TIMSS appraisal was to be offered all the more convenient in interims of 4 years. Table 1 gives a diagram on the TIMSS evaluation, target populaces, and the quantity of nations that took an interest in every organization. Table 1. TIMSS appraisals and taking an interest nations at the eighth grade level Study Name Acronym Year Number of Countries Target populace Grades tried Third International Mathematics and Science Study TIMSS 1994/5 42 third/fourth, seventh/eighth , twelfth Third International Mathematics and Science Study Repeat. TIMSS-R 1998/9 40 eighth Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study TIMSS 2002/3 46 fourth eighth Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study TIMSS 2006/7 Over 60 fourth, eighth, (twelfth rescheduled 2008) TIMSS is considered the biggest, generally thorough, thorough, and broad worldwide near instructive examination at any point led (Alejandro, 2000). It addresses pretty much every aspect of the learning of science and arithmetic. The 2003 TIMSS venture was involved more than 360 000 understudies, more than 38 000 educators, and more than 12 000 school principals, and upwards of 1 500 logical factors were remembered for expansion to factors on understudy accomplishment scores (Nelson, 2002; TIMSS‟ User direct 2003). TIMSS targets furnishing strategy creators and instructive experts with data and pointers about their national instructive frameworks from a universal viewpoint. Alejandro contends that TIMSS serves a â€Å"mirror† capacity to taking part nations to think about similarly their instruction frameworks. Martin and Kelly (2004) propose that TIMSS tests go past estimating accomplishment to including a careful examination of educational program and how it is conveyed in study halls around the globe. More or less, the evaluation is seen to be substantial and dependable as a proportion of understudy accomplishment. Be that as it may, the TIMSS evaluations are not without pundits. Among the basic voices is that of Wolf (2002) who addresses the legitimacy issues of the TIMSS examines. His conflict is that TIMSS, being a worldwide appraisal, may have testing systems that are not suitable for some countriesâ€ÿ normal testing rehearses. Identified with that, Zuzovsky (2000) explicitly questions the unwavering quality of these tests. He contends that the vigorously expounded coding frameworks characteristic in the TIMSS scoring methodology yield lower between rater consistency and furthermore that interpretation of accomplishment tests into various dialects brings the unwavering quality of the evaluations into question. The drawback of cross-sectional appraisals, for example, the TIMSS ventures didn't get away from the consideration of de Lange (2007) who addresses the suspicion behind worldwide examinations that a solitary test can give similar proportions of educational plan impacts across nations. Regardless of these reactions, Alejandro, the director of IEA, sees the value in nations taking an interest in the TIMSS overviews. He contends that â€Å"More than simply group tables, the TIMSS information place accomplishment in a worldwide setting where it very well may be considered from various perspectives† (Alejandro, 2000, p. 2). A comparative proclamation was communicated over 35 years prior by Bock (1970). He saw the world as contracting through innovation. On the side of worldwide examinations, he contended that through support in universal investigations and by sharing instructive reports, nations get a brief look at each otherâ€ÿs social practices. The TIMSS worldwide reports give a general impression of the effect that distinctive instruction factors have on studentsâ€ÿ execution in various nations. It is by further captivating in optional investigation of the TIMSS information and by directing further examinations identified with the discoveries of TIMSS evaluations that nations better comprehend their tutoring framework. Specifically, it is essential to distinguish regions of concern and address those deliberately as opposed to endeavor to reproduce another nation's educational plan framework just on the grounds that the tutoring framework there is by all accounts viable. Instruction pointers are various and fluctuate in their impact from nation to nation. It is conceivable that every one of the 1,500 relevant factors controlled in the TIMSS overviews were incorporated due to some supporting writing on their effect on studentsâ€ÿ learning. TIMSS as model of Educational Achievement The writing on models of instructive markers and their presentation as a framework along with examine considers that model understudy learning accomplishment as a component of the attributes of their schools and their family foundation is broad (Oakes, 2006; Kaplan Elliott, 2007; Kaplan Kreisman, 2000; Koller, Baumert, Clausen, Hosenfeld, 2001). In any case, despite the broad writing regarding the matter of displaying of instructive information, no single model of instructive execution has increased across the board acknowledgment (Oakes, 2006; Nelson, 2002). This absence of a worldwide model was noted by Nelson according to the TIMSS ventures, that, albeit thoroughly executed, and with all its ubiquity (with a bigger number of members than some other IEA study), TIMSS has not endeavored to think of a prescriptive model that relates instructive elements to understudy accomplishment that can be pertinent across countries. Nelson is determined that any endeavor to give an all inclusive model would not be shrewd on the grounds that nations contrast in their instructive approaches and instructional practices with the goal that a one-size fits-all model would not be sensible. All things considered, however models of instructive execution appear to be various as proposed by the writing, in Haertel, Walberg, and Weinsteinâ€ÿs (2003) see, they have a greater number of shared traits than contrasts. Haertel et al. directed a meta-examination of studies that displayed school execution information and found that the introduced models had a typical structure. In spite of the fact that the models varied in their determinations, their structures were involved three classifications of prior conditions (intellectual/full of feeling properties and assets), instructional procedures (chance to learn, nature of guidance), and result measures (accomplishment, emotional practices). These models introduced understudy execution as an element of understudy, educator, and additionally school foundation factors. Investigations important to my examination are those that displayed studentsâ€ÿ execution as a component of their experience factors; the model of premium that educated my variable determination is the Input-Process-Output (IPO) model by Oakes (2006), or Rand Model (Shavelson, McDonnell, Oakes, 2006). The IPO model has comparable basic parts as the models that were assessed by Haertel et al. (2003) and models understudy accomplishment as a component of certain assets. I chose this model for my reasonable structure in light of its extent of inclusion of instructive pointers. The model presents a comprehensive origination of understudy learning in a study hall setting and it shows up regularly in writing that dissects huge scope information (for example Kaplan and Kreisman, 2000; Koller, Baumert, Clausen, Hosenfeld, 2001 dissecting TIMSS information). Also, it has been utilized broadly to manage instruction specialists in the determination, detail, and examination of instructive factors that correspond with understudy learning results (Kaplan Elliott, 2007; Kaplan Kreisman, 2000; Koller, Baumert, Clausen, Hosenfeld, 2001). It is taken as one of the persuasive models in molding popular assessment and arrangement on the most proficient method to cultivate school improvement. TIMSS Input-Process-Output Model The info procedure yield (IPO) model by TIMSS is one of the improved adaptations of the customary information yield (IO) models of school hierarchical information (Glasman, Biniaminov, 2001). Glasman and Biniaminov revealed that the info yield conventional model utilized research techniques that deliberate changes in the systemsâ€ÿ yields realized by changes in the systemsâ€ÿ inputs. The IO model was reprimanded for not considering the scholarly condition and for distorting the tutoring procedure by depicting it as straight. As per Glasman and Biniaminov, â€Å"the input-yield investigations [did] not manage qualities of the dynamic and progressing interrelationships among understudies and educators or those among understudies themselves† (p. 509). To conquer the issue, Oakesâ€ÿ model included a third part (forms) that interceded the info factors into the yield factors and that likewise given an instructive setting to the model. The procedure part centers around homeroom attributes, for example, instructional quality issues (clarified in the following segment under measures for the model). Oakesâ€ÿ model is hence included three segments of an instructive framework: sources of info, procedures, and yields (IPO) (Figure1). Figure 1. An extensive Model of an Educ

Preliminary proposal Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Primer proposition - Research Paper Example The Germans assumed an incredibly critical job in the starting point of the virus war since it held a significant key position. This occurred through various changes among the Germans. It was also, contributed by the post war global request that came about because of the between Allied work on denaziation. The principle commitments of the virus war incorporated the realist viewpoints that were brought about by the association between superpowers. A specific accentuation is put on the lawful and strategic system that continued not just the manner in which the German inquiry was dealt with however, likewise the assessment of the cooperation between superpowers according to the way that they upheld their auxiliary advantages. In this manner, it is a direct result of the associations between the components identified with concurrence and mediation, the German inquiry that is examined from a deliberate outlook was comprised of the most noteworthy issue in the setup of the worldwide request that was given after the war (Lewcowicz 14). There was an unpleasant connection between the US and the USSR since the year 1919. In any case, the USSR didn't have a worldwide reach. All things considered, the vast majority of the contention was performed by nearby and homegrown socialist gatherings close by the legislature that is at present in power. In any case, this possibly endured when in 1983; the Spanish Civil War brought about individuals everywhere throughout the world favoring one side (14). The beginning of the virus war that occurred somewhere in the range of 1947 and 1953 occurred after the Second World War. Its principle beginning was the Truman Doctrine that occurred in 1947 up to the finish of the Korean War in 1953. It endured through most piece of the twentieth century (40). The association between the German inquiry and the virus war is applicable to the course materials since it makes it conceivable to connect with different occasions, for example, the recurrence with which France and German, which incorporates Prussia as its key segment have been at war as often as possible. These are the Franco-Prussian war

Beauty Tips on a Dime for Girls

Beauty Tips on a Dime for Girls Beauty Tips on a Dime for Girls Home›Tips for Students›Beauty Tips on a Dime for Girls Tips for StudentsTaking care of herself is the obligation of every woman in any age, but it does not necessarily mean that it has to cost a fortune. QualityCustomEssays.com is aware of budget friendly beauty tips and is going to reveal them for you:Skip salon shampoo treatment. When you go to salon to have your hair cut, never opt for shampoo treatment. The thing is that you will have to pay for this service plus to tip the shampoo girl. Instead you can wash your hair before going to salon and in such a way you will save up to $20. One more way to save money is to avoid washing your hair every day at home. Your hair and your wallet will only benefit from it.Extend The Life Of Your Lipstick. Is your lipstick worn down to a stub? It is not high time to throw it away! Lipstick brush will allow you to utilize the last bits of your lipstick from the container. Moreover, lipstick brushes allow more even application of your lipstick and it is advisable to use them all the time. It may sound strange, but what is bad about making your expensive lipstick last longer?Use DIY beauty treatments. Actually, all expensive beauty treatments contain ingredients from your kitchen. For example, raw sugar with olive oil is cheap, but very effective scrub. Yogurt is a moisturizer. It can be mixed with different ingredients to prepare facial masks at little cost.Buy things at a drug store. Beauty treatment products sold at department stores are usually more expensive than those you can buy at drug stores. They actually do not differ in quality. Moreover, drugstore products are safer and their prices will not break the bank.Being beautiful is not that easy. Except money, you have to possess special skills, patience and time. We are able to help you with the latter: trust the writing of your academic papers to our professional writers and free your time and mind for taking care of yourself.

Colours - Free Essay Example

Have you ever thought that perhaps, the only colour in real life is white? White light is indeed the bearer of all colours. The colours we see are reflections bouncing off an object or are the light source itself. The light sources change and the colours with them. Colour is not a stable affair. Colour is light alone, but our experience is so direct that we trust our eye and believe that a colour is inherent to an object. Imagine living in a world where everything is white in colour! However, the world we live in is, thankfully, full of colours, and they trigger emotional responses as they influence our feelings and us. Interestingly, colours can sway thinking, change actions, and cause reactions. It can irritate or soothe your eyes, raise your blood pressure or suppress your appetite. Colours are the basic things in life, yet it plays an important role in our life. However, most of us take it for granted. For example, each time we wake up to a brand new day, we would take it for granted that we can see the colours of our bedrooms. At night when we go to sleep, we do not count our blessings for the beautiful colours that we have been looking at all day. We are fortunate that we are able to see the many wondrous colours around us. Some cannot see them. They are colourblind. All that they can see is black and white. Some cannot even see anything. All they see is pitch black as they are blind. We take our eyesight for granted, that each new morning, when we open our eyes, we will be able to see the colours around us. What if one day, when we open our eyes and find that our room is in black and white, how dull life would be. Imagine a life without colours. A black and white rainbow, your favourite television program in black and white, every single item of clothing looks black and white, life would be so boring. Everywhere you look, each time you turn around, everything in sight is in black and white. Colours are linked to our moods. For example, green represents jealousy, red represents anger, blue represents sadness, and yellow represents cheerfulness and so on. As a powerful form of communication, colours are irreplaceable. Red means stop and green means go. Traffic lights send this universal message. Likewise, the colours used for a product, web site, business card, or logo cause powerful reactions. We would usually go for the brighter and more colourful design as it looks more appealing and interesting to us. If colours never exist, the world would be such a dark and gloomy place. In a picture, colours capture the mood of the moment. It shows the atmosphere of the picture without you actually being there to witness it. The evolution of cameras is the change from black and white pictures to coloured pictures. Pictures that are usually dark and gloomy give a sad and angry feeling, mostly it being a sad occasion. Pictures that are bright and cheerful usually give a happy feeling, mostly it being a joyous occasion. Colours also show the ambience of an occasion. For example, during Chinese New Year, the colours used to decorate their house are very important as to the Chinese, colours means a lot. Red, would be the primary decorative colour as it is an auspicious colour. It helps to keep evil away. Orange and yellow are also used in the decorations. Orange combines the energy of red and the happiness of yellow. It is associated with joy and sunshine. Orange represents enthusiasm, happiness and success. Yellow connotes royalty, prosperity and luck. Likewise, during a funeral, black and white are used as it stands for mourning and cheerless occasions. Black is for the loss, and white for their passing onto the heavens. There are also different meanings when you wear a certain coloured cloth. For example, during the Elizabeth era, the colours of clothing worn provided instant information about the person wearing them. A man or women who wore purple clothes would be immediately recognized as a member of royalty. Gold, silver, crimson or scarlet, deep indigo blue, violet colours and even deep black and pure white colours were only worn by the highest nobility in the land. The colours of Elizabethan clothes provided information about the status of the man or woman wearing them. This was not just dictated by the wealth of the person, it also reflected their social standing. An interesting fact about colours is that certain colours can reduce energy consumption! The scientific fact is that white reflects the radiant energy rays of the sun and black absorbs them. The same principle has a significant impact on a house. The hotter the roof is, the hotter the air in the rooms below and the hotter the air is, the cooler we will on our air-conditioners, thus, making use of more energy. However, light coloured roofing are like a white shirt for your house because they reflect radiant energy. Even a light grey hue is better than a blue or green. There are also the symbolic meanings for colours in dreams. The purpose of colour in a dream is to act as a healing agent or guide. The character in the dream who wears the colour and the position of the colour relative to the dreamer are important in interpreting the meaning of the colour. For example, a colour above the dreamer, like in the sky, indicates something the dreamer needs to strive for. The following is a list of colours and their general meanings in dreams: violet represents spiritual understanding; indigo represents perception; blue represents philosophy or expression; green represents sharing, harmony ore balance; yellow represents elimination; orange represents assimilation; and red represents creative energy. We have always taken the beautiful colours we see for granted, never really thinking and reflecting in the many ways in which colours affects our lives. Perhaps we should start to count our blessings before it is too late, when things become as black as white as this paper and ink.